Bottle and bottle-closure.



No. 837,812. .PATENTED DEC. 4, 1906.

v A. EIMER.

BOTTLE AND BOTTLE GLOSURE.

APPLICATION FILED IBB. 17, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W/TNESSES:

v ATTORNEYS No. 837,812. Y PATBNTED DEG. 4, 1906. A. BIMBR. BUTTLE ANDBUTTLE GLOSURE.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 17, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

...W u S E m W A 770/?NE YS UNITED sTATns PATENT' OFFICE.l

BOTTLE AND BoTTLE-cLosuRE..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 4, 1906.

Application filed February 17, 1906. Serial No. 301,628.

To all whom, t may concern/s f Be it known that l, AUGUST Einen, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York,borough of Manhattan,

in the county and State of New York, have l invented a new and improvedBottle and Bottle-Closure, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description. I Th's invention relates to bottles andbottle-closures.

The invention is especiallynseful in connection with bottles containingchemicals. When Stoppers of cork are used for closing bottles containingchemicals, they are objcctionable,for the reason that they tend to containinate the contents. On the other hand, rubber Stoppers are apt to beattacked by the chemicals and will deteriorate. Bottles used forcontaining chemicals are commonly provided with slightlyetaperedground-glass Stoppers; but these are open to objection. for the reasonthat they frequently become so tightly secured in position that it isimpossible to remove them without breaking the stopper or thebottleeneck. Other defects with glass Stoppers are especially noticeablein acids, such as nitric acid, or volatile substances like ether, ac.,which have a tendency to fume, and also where the contents of the bottleincludes an elllorescent salt which tends to deposit around the stopper.This action frequently lresults in a lirn'i ce inenting of the stopperin position, with the disadvantages referred to above. Stoppers of theclass referred to above-the mouths of the bottles are not properlyprotected against dust and atmosphericl iniluences.

The object of this invention is to provide efficient means for effectingthe closure of bottles such as Idescribed which will overcome theaforesaid defects.

. The invention consists in the construction and combination ofparts tobe more fully described hereinafter andpartieularly set forth in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a -vertical section through the neck of abottle andillustrating a form of my invention. Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1,but illustrating a modified form. Fig. 3 is a view similarjto Figs. 1and 2 and showing a With I third modified form. Fig. 4 is a View similarl to the foregoing figures, but representing a special forni of theinvention especially i adapted for permitting the escape of fumes fromthe interior of the bottle, Fig. 5 is a vertical central section throughthe bottle i and showing a forni which the invention may l take whichenables the influx or efflux of gases from the interior, and Fig. 6 is aside elevation of a stopper of special form.

Referring more particularly to the parts, 1 l represents a bottle, thebody of which may be g of any suitable forni, the said bottle beingprovided with a neck 2, preferably having substantially the form shown.At two or more points the iinier diameter of this neck is restricted, asshown, so as to forni seats 3 and erably of glass, as illustrated, andformed below into a ball having a ground-glass belt or shoulder 7, whichis ground upon the seat 3, and having thereabovc a belt or shoulder S,which is ground upon the seat 4. Between the seats 3 and 4 thebottle-neck is enlarged, preferably, so as to forni a chamber 9, andabove the seat 4 the neck is enlarged again, so as to form a chamber 10,the wall whereof terminates above in a mouth 11. The Stopper 5 is formedwith an upwardly-princeting stem l2, which is preferably slightlytapered, as indicated. 1n the mouth 11 there is seattightly in themouth, as shown, the said stopper being provided with a central opening14, through which the stem 12 passesupwardly, as indicated. When theauxiliary stopper 13 is forced into position, as shown, the stopper 5-is securely held in place, so as to make anair-tight closure for thebottle, and at the same time there is no possibility of tl 1c contentsor the fumes therefrom reaching the auxiliary stopper, so as to exert adestructive action thereupon. While the ground belts 7 and 8, which comeupon the seats 3 and 4, are amply sullicient to make a may be readily,removed after removing the auxiliary stopper 13, as the area of/t'hebelts is small enough to prevent any cementing action taking placebetween the surfaces of the glass which come together. In thisconnection attention is called to the fact that the belt 8 is removed asuflicient distance above the belt 7, so that even in the event of aquan- 4 for a stopper 5, the said stopper being prefed an auxiliarvstopper 13, which may be of -rubber or similar material, which seats IOOvsubstantially air-tight closure, the stopper 5 IIO tity of acid lodgingat the belt 7 the chemicals would not reach the belt 8, so that nocementing effect whatever could take place at this point. The diameterof thev seat 3 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the seat 4, asshown.

yIn Fig. 2 a form of. the invention is shown in which the glass stopperis used, seating in the neck 16 ofthe same form as the neck 2, describedabove. The auxiliary rubber stop.-

per 13, however, is dispensed with and a glass In Fig.` 3 a modifiedform is shown, ini" l i which the neck 23 ofthe bottle and the stopper24 are similar to those described above, the only difference being thatthe stem 25 of the stopper 24 is formed integrally with the cap 26, saidcap having a depending flange 27- forming a space around the mouth ofthe bottle adapted to receive a seal 28, of wax or similar material.Such an arrangement as this, or an arrangement such as that described inFigs. 1 or 3, is especially desirable when bottles containing chemicalsare being shipped.

Where the contents ofthe bottle are highly volatile, so that there isdanger of a breaking pressure being developed within the saine, I

rovide a construction such as that shown in ig. 4, in which thebottle-neck 29 has the form described above and the stopper 30 has thesame general form as the glass Stoppers described above. In this case,however, the stem 31 of the stopper is extended'above the mouth of thebottle, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. Upon the 'induth of the bottle abonnet 32 is seated, the same being secured to the lip 33 of the bottleby any vsuit able means, such as an elastic band 34, arranged as shown.The bonnet 32 presents an elongated neck 35, which terminates 'above ina head or bulb 36,

'which bulb is provided with vents 37, .as

shown. Upon the upper extremity of the stem 31 a rubber tipV 38 isreceived. The stem 31 passes loosely through the neck 35. With closuresof this form if gases should generate beneath the stopper 30 these. mayoperate to displace the stopper, permitting t e gas to escape upwardlyinto the mouth ofl the neck, whence it will pass into the neck 35through the bulb 36,-thence through the vents 37. The bonnet 32 is notinjured by' the rising of the stopper 30 in themanner described, byreason of the rubber t1 p 38, which operates as a pad to prevent thereaking of there has been an unduly large absorption of gases or fumesby the liquid. In tliis instance I prefer to use the construction shownin Fig. 5, in which 39 represents a bottle having a body of any commonform, said body having an upwardly-projecting neck 40, having two seats41 and 42 of a suitable diameter. A stopper 43 consists of a glass tubewhich extends down into the interior of the bottle and floats therein.The upper portion of this tube is formed into shoulders 44 and 45, whichnormally lie, respectively, at the seats 41 and 42. These shoulders fitnicely at these seats but it should be'understood that the closureissimplya sliding one, so

that the tube or stopper 43 may be readilyv raised or lowered. Betweenthe shoulders 44 and 45 the stopper lias a neck 46 of reduced diameter,and a reduced neck 47 is formed below the shoulder 45. Likewise, abovethe shoulder 44 the diameter of the tube is reduced so as to form a tip48. This tip extendsupwardly and passes through an opening 49Yin thedust-ca )0, which seats upon the mouth of the bott e, as shown. Thedimensions and weight of the tube are such that it will normally floatin thebottle in the position shown in Fig. 5.. Should undue absorptionof gases or fumes occur, the atmosgeneral form shown in Figs. 1 to 4,the upper i pheric pressure above the bottle will depress the tube orstopper 43 sufIiciently to move the shoulders 44 and 45 out ofengagement with their seats 41 and 42, or itwill movethe Stopperssufficiently to enable a quantity of air to pass downwardly into theinterior of the bottle. In this way equilibrium will be restablished. Y

In Fifr 6 I illustrate a stopper 51 of the extremity of the stem 52 ofthe stopper being rovided with a head 53, which faci itates its TGC iro

ein rotated to seat the stopper in case it shou d become stuck.

While I have described a closure presenting two seats for the stopperand a stopper having two belts corresponding to the seats, it should beunderstood that one belt may be used, or even three or more seats could.be

used, coperating with the corresponding,

should pass into the chamber 9, as shown in Y Y Fig. 1, this liquid willnot reach the seat 4 and no danger of cementing at this point results.By reason-prof the fact, also, that the neck are removed from each ot erI am enareas of contact between the sto per'and the abled to make theseareas relatively very small, so that even in the event of the ceinentingtogether of the glass surfaces the sto er may l be readily removed. Thewirilili of these beltson the Stoppers and the seats will of course bechanged to suit special 'circumstances or to suit the propertles ofdifferent chemicals to be held. S ecial at-y tention is called tothefact, also, t at in thel form shown in'vFig. 4 the vents 37 are ar-`ranged on the under side of the bulb 36, so that while escape of thegases Vfrom the interior is ermitted the bonnet operates sub-l 'stantialy as a dust-cap, preventing the settlement of dustin lthe mouth of theneck.

The restrictions in the bottle-necks necessary to form the seats do nottend to prevent the free flow of the liquid. On the contrary,

they seem to promote a freer flow, as they ap.-

ear to facilitate the ascent of the. air as the uid descends.

Attention is called to lthe fact that in theconstruction of thebottle-neck it is only necessary that the restrictions forming the seatsfor the stopper occur in the bore o the neck.4

These may be formed as shown but the same effect may be produced on aneck having a plain cylindrical outline by thickening the.

material of the neck to form annular projections or shoulders whichwould constitute seats.

Having thus. described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A bottle having a neck presenting a seat ofrestricted diameter with a chamber below said seat, `a second seatVbelow sald iirst seat and a stopper presenting rigidly-connected 3. Abottle having a neck' presenting a seat below of smaller diameter thansaid first seat,

said neckhavinga chamber Jformed in saidlv .neck between said seats, astopper having shoulders resting respectively on said seats and cuttingoff said chamber from the interior of said bottle, said stopper having areduced body'ri idly connecting said shoulders.

4. A bottle of restricted diameter therein with a chamber below saidseat, a second seat below said first seat, and a stopper havingrigidly-connected shoulders resting on said seats andy cutting offVAcommunicationl between said chamber and the interior of saidbottle, saidstopper having a rigid cap at the u per eX- tremity thereof seatlng onthe mout 1 of said neck and adapted to be sealed thereto. i

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' AUGUST EIMER.

Witnesses:

JNO. M. RITTER, F. D. AMMEN.

of restricted diameter, a second seat thereaving a neck presenting aseat

